한국의 건강보험 제도 편집하기 (부분)

===Eng===
'''Korea’s National Health Insurance System'''

Korea’s National Health Insurance (NHI) is a social security program designed to ensure that all citizens have access to appropriate medical services regardless of income level when facing illness or injury. Often described as “universal health coverage,” it is recognized as one of the nation’s most significant policies in achieving inclusive welfare.

The foundation of Korea’s health insurance system was laid in 1963 with the enactment of the Medical Insurance Act. After years of pilot projects, the system was officially implemented for the public in 1977. Initially, it covered only employees at workplaces with more than 500 workers, but in 1989 the country achieved universal health insurance coverage, extending benefits to all citizens. This achievement is widely regarded as a historic milestone that improved the quality of life alongside Korea’s rapid economic growth.

The NHI is financed through insurance contributions paid by the insured and government subsidies. The Ministry of Health and Welfare oversees overall policy and administration, while the National Health Insurance Service (NHIS) manages eligibility, contribution collection, and benefit payments. The Health Insurance Review and Assessment Service (HIRA) evaluates and reviews medical claims to enhance the efficiency of health spending and the quality of healthcare services. Operating as a single-payer system, Korea’s NHI provides uniform benefits and administrative efficiency nationwide.
Internationally, Korea’s system is praised as a model of high efficiency at low cost. During the COVID-19 pandemic, it was highlighted as a system that enabled rapid and equitable access to healthcare, often cited as a successful example of a comprehensive national health coverage model.

Today, the National Health Insurance stands as the cornerstone of Korea’s welfare system and a key institution safeguarding the people’s right to health. By sharing both the burden and the benefits of healthcare collectively, the NHI embodies the principles of solidarity and public good, serving as a leading model of social protection in practice.